1 Samuel 18:22

Authorized King James Version

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And Saul commanded his servants, saying, Commune with David secretly, and say, Behold, the king hath delight in thee, and all his servants love thee: now therefore be the king's son in law.

Original Language Analysis

וַיְצַ֨ו commanded H6680
וַיְצַ֨ו commanded
Strong's: H6680
Word #: 1 of 19
(intensively) to constitute, enjoin
שָׁא֜וּל And Saul H7586
שָׁא֜וּל And Saul
Strong's: H7586
Word #: 2 of 19
shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 3 of 19
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
עֲבָדָ֖יו his servants H5650
עֲבָדָ֖יו his servants
Strong's: H5650
Word #: 4 of 19
a servant
דַּבְּר֨וּ saying Commune H1696
דַּבְּר֨וּ saying Commune
Strong's: H1696
Word #: 5 of 19
perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 6 of 19
near, with or among; often in general, to
דָּוִ֤ד with David H1732
דָּוִ֤ד with David
Strong's: H1732
Word #: 7 of 19
david, the youngest son of jesse
בַּלָּט֙ secretly H3909
בַּלָּט֙ secretly
Strong's: H3909
Word #: 8 of 19
properly, covered, i.e., secret; by implication, incantation; also secrecy or (adverb) covertly
לֵאמֹ֔ר and say H559
לֵאמֹ֔ר and say
Strong's: H559
Word #: 9 of 19
to say (used with great latitude)
הִנֵּ֨ה H2009
הִנֵּ֨ה
Strong's: H2009
Word #: 10 of 19
lo!
חָפֵ֤ץ hath delight H2654
חָפֵ֤ץ hath delight
Strong's: H2654
Word #: 11 of 19
properly, to incline to; by implication (literally but rarely) to bend; figuratively, to be pleased with, desire
בְּךָ֙ H0
בְּךָ֙
Strong's: H0
Word #: 12 of 19
בַּמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ Behold the king H4428
בַּמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ Behold the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 13 of 19
a king
וְכָל H3605
וְכָל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 14 of 19
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
עֲבָדָ֖יו his servants H5650
עֲבָדָ֖יו his servants
Strong's: H5650
Word #: 15 of 19
a servant
אֲהֵב֑וּךָ love H157
אֲהֵב֑וּךָ love
Strong's: H157
Word #: 16 of 19
to have affection for (sexually or otherwise)
וְעַתָּ֖ה H6258
וְעַתָּ֖ה
Strong's: H6258
Word #: 17 of 19
at this time, whether adverb, conjunction or expletive
הִתְחַתֵּ֥ן son in law H2859
הִתְחַתֵּ֥ן son in law
Strong's: H2859
Word #: 18 of 19
to give (a daughter) away in marriage; hence (generally) to contract affinity by marriage
בַּמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ Behold the king H4428
בַּמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ Behold the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 19 of 19
a king

Analysis & Commentary

And Saul commanded his servants, saying, Commune with David secretly, and say, Behold, the king hath delight in thee, and all his servants love thee: now therefore be the king's son in law.

The instruction to 'commune secretly' (balat) reveals Saul's calculated deception. The servants become unwitting accomplices in conveying false assurance: 'the king hath delight in thee.' Every word was lies - Saul felt no delight, only murderous jealousy. The phrase 'all his servants love thee' may have been true, which made Saul's hatred more isolated and more dangerous. Using servants as instruments of deception corrupted the entire royal household. False words delivered through trusted intermediaries represent a particularly insidious form of manipulation.

Historical Context

Royal courts functioned through intermediaries who conveyed messages between social levels. Servants bore responsibility for accurate transmission but served the king's interests. Being commanded to lie placed them in moral jeopardy.

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